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- <text id=93CT1694>
- <title>
- Martinique--Travel
- </title>
- <title>
- Guadeloupe--Travel
- </title>
- <title>
- French Guiana--Travel
- </title>
- <history>
- Compact ALMANAC--CIA Factbook
- South America
- French Guiana
- </history>
- <article>
- <source>CIA World Factbook</source>
- <hdr>
- Travel Notes
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p> French Guiana: The capital, Cayenne, has a quiet charm, with
- occasional public parks and buildings recalling the colonial
- era. The second city of French Guiana, Kourou, is the home of
- the French National Space Agency's Guiana Space Center, from
- which the European Space Agency's Ariane rockets are launched.
- Not far from Kourou, one can also visit the offshore islands
- housing the Devil's Island prison. French Guiana's third city,
- St. Laurent de Maroni on the banks of the Maroni River bordering
- Suriname, was the administrative center of the French Guiana
- penal colony until 1947. It is here that one finds most of the
- decaying cell blocks and other facilities popularized by the
- film "Papillon." In town, one can still encounter a few
- 90-year-old former convicts tending their small shops alongside
- Bosch tribesmen selling fine wood carvings.
- </p>
- <p> In Javouhey and Cacao at opposite French Guiana, two Hmong
- villages contain some 1,200 Meo tribesmen, resettled in areas
- resembling their former villages in Laos. Open to tourists, the
- villages offer a wide array of colorful tapestries woven by the
- Hmong women and traditional Southeast Asian vegetables.
- </p>
- <p> With a small population and a vast unexplored interior,
- French Guiana has a frontier air, disturbed only by the roar of
- a 21st-century rocket occasionally zooming overhead. The
- interior, accessible only by air or motorized dugout canoe,
- offers spectacular scenery and an array of bird and animal life
- that attracts a growing number of sportsmen and nature lovers
- hearty enough to withstand the primitive and sometimes dangerous
- travel conditions. At many of the inland stops along the Maroni
- and Oyapock Rivers, one can still encounter villages of
- Amerindians living in traditional lean-tos and hunting with
- spears and blow darts.
- </p>
- <p> Martinique: There is a wide variety of scenery--rain
- forests covering the spiny central ridge of hills, palm-lined
- white beaches in the south, black volcanic sand beaches in the
- north, pineapple and banana groves that descend the steep
- eastern coast, fields of sugercane in the central plan, and
- flowers everywhere, especially at the newly created Botanical
- Garden in Balata. Hiking trails are numerous and well marked for
- those who wish to enjoy St. Pierre and its museum tracing the
- eruption of Mt. Pelee in 1902 is a must.
- </p>
- <p> A sense of history is everywhere in Martinique, from the
- small museum and plantation ruins that mark the birthplace of
- France's Empress Josephine and the museum of sugarcane in Trois
- Islets, to Diamond Rock off the southwest coast, which was
- defended so bravely by British marines in the Napoleonic wars
- that it was commissioned in the Royal Navy as a ship of the line--H.M.S. Diamond. The boutiques of Fort-de-France, offering
- luxurious French goods, from perfumes to designer accessories,
- and the island's modern supermarkets, with fresh cheeses, meats,
- wines, and pastries produced locally or flown in from France,
- contribute to Martinique's reputation as one of the most
- sophisticate islands of the Caribbean. Modern roadways carry
- visitors to all parts of the island, and numerous taxis, buses,
- and collective cabs are available for the independent traveler.
- Tourist facilities include deluxe, modern resort hotels,
- converted but still elegant plantation hotels, small seaside
- pensions, and inns that rim the volcano. Martinique has
- excellent restaurants featuring French and Creole cooking with
- local vegetables and seafood.
- </p>
- <p> Guadeloupe: Guadeloupe has many natural features to delight
- the tourist: fine beaches and secluded, tranquil bays with
- clear, blue waters; tropical forests in the mountainous southern
- half, with the recently active volcano, Soufriere (which can be
- climbed); warm-water springs; and the high cliffs of the
- northern extremities dotted with ruined sugar mills. Good
- tourist facilities, from luxury hotels and casinos to quiet inns
- dot the island, and restaurants abound, serving excellent French
- and Creole food. Bustling marinas in St. Francois and Bas du
- Fort serve the growing pleasure-craft industry. The sunny
- weather and fine beaches of the northern dependencies of
- Guadeloupe--St. Martin (which shares the small island with
- Dutch St. Maarten) and the lesser-known, small, quiet island of
- St. Barthelemy--are highly popular with North American
- tourists. Closer to the main island of Guadeloupe are the
- charming, tiny islands of the Iles-des-Saintes (favored by
- pleasure-craft sailors), where, in 1782, the British Admiral
- Rodney defeated and captured the French Admiral, Comte de
- Grasse, whose fleet had helped to ensure the American colonists'
- victory over the British at Yorktown the previous year. Almost
- undiscovered by the average tourist, the two small islands of
- Marie-Galante and La Desirade offer tranquility, fine empty
- beaches, lovely countryside, and friendly people. Hotel
- facilities on these islands are varied but adequate for tourists
- desiring a simple, different Caribbean vacation where little,
- if any, English is spoken.
- </p>
- <p> Health: No inoculations are required for North American
- travelers to Martinique and Guadeloupe. A valid certificate of
- vaccination against yellow fever is required for entry into
- French Guiana. Visitors to French Guiana also should consult a
- physician to begin a malaria suppressant medication several
- weeks before their trip. Water is safe for drinking in
- Guadeloupe and Mar- tinique and in major towns in French Guiana.
- Medical facilities are modern and clean, although few medical
- personnel speak English. American pharmaceuticals are not
- commonly available, but there is almost always a French
- equivalent. A ready supply of mosquito repellant is useful for
- travel in all three French departments. Swimming is safe at most
- beaches, although some areas on the Atlantic side may be very
- turbulent; as a rule, ask around before venturing in the water
- at a beach that appears deserted. If unusual quantities of
- prescription medicines are required, bring a physician's
- prescription or certification to avoid queries by customs or
- other officials, who strictly enforce the strong French
- narcotics abuse laws.
- </p>
- <p> Tourist documentation: Although a valid French visa is
- required for travel to France, US citizens may obtain French
- visas at ports of entry in the French Caribbean departments.
- Travelers should possess a valid US passport or a birth
- certificate accompanied by valid photo identification. Cruise
- ship visitors are exempt from the visa requirement and generally
- are not asked to produce identification; however it is wise for
- cruise ship visitors to be in possession of valid
- identification, should any problems arise. French immigration
- laws are strictly enforced, and there are restrictions on the
- amount of French currency that can be exported. Before
- traveling, check with the nearest French consular office to
- determine current requirements.
- </p>
- <p>Other information: The three French departments do not observe
- daylight saving time. Guadeloupe and Martinique correspond to
- eastern daylight time during the spring and summer; in the fall
- and winter, they are 1 hour later. French Guiana is 1 hour later
- than eastern daylight time in spring and summer and 2 hours
- later in fall and winter.
- </p>
- <p> All three French Caribbean departments have modern roads and
- communications facilities. Local transportation, including
- taxis and rental vehicles, is good, and most well-known credit
- cards are accepted in hotels, restaurants, and shops.
- </p>
- <p> Local holidays: Businesses may be closed on the following
- holidays in Martinique, Guadeloupe, French Guiana, and their
- dependencies:
- </p>
- <p>New Year's Day, January 1; Ash Wednesday (and two preceding
- days, Lundi Gras and Mardi Gras-see note)*; Good Friday*; Easter Monday*;
- Ascension Day, May 12; Emancipation Day (Martinique), May 22;
- Pentecost*; Bastille Day, July 14; Assumption Day, August 15; All
- Saints' Day, November 1; All Souls' Day, November 2;
- Armistice (1914), November 11; Christmas Day, December 25.
- </p>
- <p>*Date varies.
- </p>
- <p> Note: Carnival is celebrated during the 2 days preceding the
- beginning of Lent and on Ash Wednesday.
- </p>
- <p>Source: U.S. Department of State, Bureau of Public Affairs,
- January 1989.
- </p>
-
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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